New-build Spain · Fundamentals

Why Spanish banks do not finance the construction phase

The most common misconception among foreign new-build buyers in Spain: they count on financing that does not exist at that point. The Spanish mortgage is created at the end of the build, not at the start.

Legal notice

Author & regulatory separation. Content author: Siegfried Perini. Mortgage brokerage in Spain and Portugal is carried out under the §34i GewO licence held by Olga Nikushkina (BAFA-notified). This information does not replace legal or tax advice.

The misconception

Elsewhere the bank pays along. In Spain it does not.

In many countries, a bank releases the loan in line with construction progress: the buyer contributes equity first, the rest flows to the developer in instalments. The financing accompanies the build.

Spain works differently. The mortgage is created at the escritura, at the end — once the property is completed, signed off, holds its occupancy licence and is registered as a separate unit. Only then does the thing the bank can lend against actually exist.

The consequence is uncomfortable, and developer brochures rarely dwell on it: every instalment paid to the developer during construction is the buyer's own money. Not ten per cent, not twenty — the entire amount that falls due before handover.

The maths

What that means in practice

A Spanish new-build purchase typically runs on a payment plan of reservation, private contract and several construction-milestone instalments. In total, often 20 to 40 per cent of the price, spread over 18 to 36 months. On top come the purchase costs, which for a new-build consist of IVA and AJD and are not financed.

Only the balance at completion is the part a Spanish bank turns into a mortgage — for non-residents, in practice in the region of 60 to 70 per cent of the lower of price and valuation (tasación).

Anyone who has not done this calculation in advance ends up mid-build facing an instalment they cannot pay, bound by a private contract they have already signed.

The routes

Three ways to close the gap

  1. Own funds. The standard case. Works if the liquidity is genuinely available — and does not first have to be created by selling a property at home on a timetable that does not match the builder's.
  2. Raising capital against property in Germany. A German bank does not finance the Spanish property; it lends against security in Germany. The funds are freely usable and can service the developer instalments. This is the route most often overlooked — and the one that requires a §34i licence. Explained in full.
  3. Subrogación. The developer has taken out a loan for the project itself. At handover the buyer may take over the share attributable to their unit — but is not obliged to. What to check.

A fourth case is building on your own plot. Spain has a dedicated product for that, with staged release against construction progress — the hipoteca de autopromotor. It only applies to self-build, not to buying from a developer.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Can I secure the financing before construction starts?
An indicative review is possible and sensible. No bank gives a binding commitment across 24 or 36 months — your income situation and the market can change. The bank reassesses at completion.
Is there bridging finance for the developer instalments?
As a rule, not from Spanish banks. The gap can only be closed with own funds or with security outside Spain.
What happens if the bank declines at completion?
The private contract still obliges you to pay. Without a properly drafted financing clause, the instalments already paid may be lost. That clause belongs before the first payment, not after.
Does the same apply to resale property?
No. On a resale purchase the mortgage is created at the same moment as the transfer of ownership before the notary — a sequence most foreign buyers find familiar.

New-build in Spain — let us work through the construction phase together

I check which part of the price has to come from your own funds, what a German bank can raise against existing property, and what the Spanish bank takes on at completion — free of charge, no upfront cost.